| <a href="/wiki/File:H2O_2D_labelled.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The water molecule has this basic geometric structure"><img alt="The water molecule has this basic geometric structure" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/H2O_2D_labelled.svg/150px-H2O_2D_labelled.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/H2O_2D_labelled.svg/225px-H2O_2D_labelled.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/H2O_2D_labelled.svg/300px-H2O_2D_labelled.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="350"></a> | |
| <a href="/wiki/File:2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A drop of water falling towards water in a glass"><img alt="A drop of water falling towards water in a glass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg/264px-2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg/396px-2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg/528px-2006-02-13_Drop_before_impact.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1516" data-file-height="752"></a> | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| <a href="/wiki/Chemical_nomenclature" title="Chemical nomenclature">IUPAC name</a>
Water
|
Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2O. It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, and it is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a solvent). It is vital for all known forms of life, despite not providing food energy or organic micronutrients. Its chemical formula, H2O, indicates that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected by covalent bonds. The hydrogen atoms are attached to the oxygen atom at an angle of 104.45°. In liquid form, H2O is also called "Water" at standard temperature and pressure. Because Earth's environment is relatively close to water's triple point, water exists on Earth as a solid, a liquid, and a gas. It forms precipitation in the form of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds consist of suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form of snow. The gaseous state of water is steam or water vapor. Water covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, with seas and oceans making up most of the water volume (about 96.5%). Small portions of water occur as groundwater (1.7%), in the glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland (1.7%), and in the air as vapor, clouds (consisting of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation (0.001%). Water moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea.
Etymology: The word water comes from Old English wæter, from Proto-Germanic *watar (source also of Old Saxon watar, Old Frisian wetir, Dutch water, Old High German wazzar, German Wasser, vatn, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (wato)), from Proto-Indo-European *wod-or, suffixed form of root *wed- ('water'; 'wet').
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